Volume 3 Series 2024

Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Compliance toward the National Immunization Program
Hyacinth Kaye Bagasin, Jenielyn Langcay, Liah Faith Pamittan, Angeleen Quilang, Jaurence Umblas, Jellico Bryan Cabatotan

Abstract

Infants and children still cannot decide on their immunization. Hence, their primary caregivers act as their proxy decision-makers, making their role in children's immunization crucial. In the last thirty (30) years, Philippines’ vaccine coverage remained at 70% to 80%, and the program's goal of fully immunizing children by at least 95% has never been met, showing low acceptance and performance coverage. Therefore, this research aimed to assess primary caregivers' knowledge, attitudes, practices, and compliance (KAPC) toward the National Immunization Program (NIP) in selected Barangays of Solana, Cagayan. The researchers utilized descriptive quantitative research design to describe the respondents’ profile and have an in-depth analysis of their KAPC toward NIP. The researchers used quota sampling to select 300 respondents, where 50 respondents for each barangay were selected based on the top three barangays with highest compliance rate, which are Barangays Lanna, General Balao, and Cadanaan. Sampaguita, Bauan West, and Iraga were also included as they are the barangays with the highest non-compliance rate. The respondents of this study were primary caregivers. The study used a questionnaire based on the study of Quintos et al. (2022), which was categorized into five parts. Overall, the findings revealed that the respondents are knowledgeable, have a positive attitude, and exhibited excellent practice. However, their overall compliance toward the NIP is only partially compliant, and despite this positive result on their KAP, it was found that primary caregivers were non-compliant with MMR 1 and MMR 2 vaccines. Moreover, there is a significant difference between respondents' practice and age, respondents' attitudes and relationship of the child to the respondent and their religion. Furthermore, there is also a significant relationship between respondents' knowledge and compliance. Therefore, the researchers recommend that future studies look for other factors that could affect the compliance of primary caregivers towards NIP.

This study assessed the research training needs of basic education teachers and developed a research capability building program that addresses these needs. A descriptive survey, employing a quantitative research method, was conducted with 70 Basic Education Teachers from the University of Saint Louis for the academic year 2023-2024. A questionnaire developed by the University Research Development Center served as the primary data collection tool. The findings showed that all the training elements were rated as 'Very Important', with mean scores above 3.5, indicating a high significance amongst respondents. However, 'Using Digital Tools in Research', 'Data Analysis and Interpretation', and 'Developing Research Designs and Methods' were ranked as the most important.

This study was conducted to determine the Technological-Pedagogical and Content Knowledge of elementary teachers. This study utilized a mixed method of research employing both quantitative and qualitative research. Descriptive method was used to describe the Technological-Pedagogical and Content Knowledge of elementary teachers. Meanwhile, basic qualitative research was used to explore the issues and challenges of teachers on their acquisition of TPACK. The respondents of the study were the 31 elementary teachers of the three elementary schools of the Rizal District, Division of Kalinga. It can be shown from the results that they are highly competent along pedagogical knowledge, content knowledge, technological knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, and technological pedagogical knowledge. Meanwhile, they are competent along technological content knowledge and technological-pedagogical-content knowledge. In general, elementary teachers of Rizal District of Division of Kalinga are highly competent along TPACK. There are three major issues that respondents stressed in terms of their issues and challenges on the attainment of TPACK. These issues revolve around the following: (1) technological issue, (2) pedagogical issue, and (3) content issue.

The study aimed to determine the satisfaction of employers in the Philippines with Political Science graduates from the University of Saint Louis, focusing on foundational skills, competencies, character qualities, institutional attributes, and program attributes. Employers of the 26 graduates from 2017-2022 were surveyed using a questionnaire with three parts. The data analysis utilized weighted mean scores to assess satisfaction and perceived importance. Overall, e mployers were highly satisfied with the graduates' skills and attributes, with the highest satisfaction in the ability to find and share factual information and the ability to propose solutions to problems. Perceived importance was also high, emphasizing ethical conduct, teamwork, and adaptability. The study provides valuable insights for curriculum development to better align with employers' needs and expectations.

This qualitative study delved into the experiences of parents in executing home reading activities, aiming to inform the development of a structured home reading program. Employing a phenomenological interpretative research design, the study engaged thirteen parents of children enrolled at Anonang Elementary School through purposive sampling. Data analysis revealed two prominent themes: (1) Parents’ Support on Children’s Reading and (2) Issues and Challenges in helping their Children towards Reading. The findings underscored the critical role of parental involvement, particularly amidst the disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, in enhancing students' reading proficiency. Despite employing various strategies tailored to the pandemic circumstances, parents encountered challenges including limited knowledge on reading, pupil-motivation issues, and time constraints. These insights contribute to the development of effective home reading interventions that address both supportive and challenging aspects of parental involvement in children’s reading development.

The aim of this study was to determine the employability of the graduates of the School of Education, Arts, and Sciences for the SY 2019-2020, SY 2020-2021, and SY 2021-2022. The study made use of quantitative research design to determine the employability of Teacher Education, Political Science, and Psychology graduates of the University of Saint Louis for the said School Years. Results reveal that across different disciplines, a remarkable consistency emerges as the number of traced graduates closely aligns with employment rates. The majority of programs report near-perfect employment outcomes, signifying the effectiveness of these programs in preparing graduates for the job market. In general, this research provides a holistic understanding of graduates' employability and their proficiency in 21st Century skills, character qualities, and institutional attributes. These findings reflect the effectiveness of educational programs in preparing graduates for the job market and equipping them with the skills and qualities required for success in a rapidly evolving world.

Public service is a critical aspect of any functioning society, as it plays a central role in delivering essential services and promoting the common good. With the emergence of modernization, an increase in the number of young politicians joining public service is evident. It is, therefore, important to look at the practices and roles of young politicians in the process of good governance in the 21st century public service. This basic qualitative study was conducted to understand the characteristics, competencies, and approaches associated with good governance exhibited by young politicians for effective leadership in the 21st century political landscape. This research utilized a qualitative method employing a case study research method. Five (5) public servants were selected as informants of the study using a purposive sampling technique. The researchers interviewed the politicians and the data gathered were analyzed using thematic analysis. The researchers identified a set of qualities linked with public servants of the 21st century, wit, Characteristics, and Competencies of 21st Century Public Servants, including Trailblazer, Humble, Tenacious, Visionary, and Generative. In addition, Leadership Approach to public service in the 21st century is as follows, Lifelong Learning Approach to Leadership, Grounded Approach to Leadership, Community Direct Approach to Leadership and Ethical Approach to Leadership. It was found that these characteristics, competencies, and strategies enable them to act on their responsibilities in serving the public. Furthermore, the study offers recommendations for creating a framework and validation from experts to establish a well- developed framework. Hence, this study provides recommendations to public servants, government agencies, lawmakers, political experts, political science, and future researchers.

One of the major effects of the COVID-19 pandemic is the sudden shift to distance learning among basic education schools in the country. With this, stakeholders play a critical role in helping pupils cope with the demands of the said modality. This study was conducted to determine the school, parents, and community support in the new normal and their relationship to pupils’ academic success in Alcala East District, Division of Cagayan for the School Year 2020-2021. A mixed method of research was utilized employing both quantitative and qualitative research designs. A stratified random sampling was used in this study to determine the total number of participants from Grades 4 – 6. The results revealed that the extent of support of the school and the parents for pupil’s academic success was to a moderate extent. Meanwhile, the extent of support of the community for pupil’s academic success was low. Furthermore, there is no significant difference on the extent of support of the parents in terms of the profile variables. Moreover, pupil-participants had a moderate level of motivation in learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. There was also a moderately favorable attitude of pupils in modular learning in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, the academic performance of pupils in modular learning approached proficiency with a mean grade of 81.01. In addition, there is a significant relationship between the extent of support of the school, parents, and the community and the level of academic success of pupils in terms of motivation, attitude towards learning, and overall academic performance. Results of the qualitative data revealed four major problems encountered by pupils in modular distance learning which include the following: (1) lack of academic support, (2) poor internet and mobile connection, (3) physical and mental stress, and (4) overloaded lesson activities. The study concludes that school, parents, and community support for pupils’ academic success during the new normal is important.

Studies on the preservation of Living Cultural Heritage Sites worldwide have made a strong case for the role of Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Practices in preparing for, coping with, and resolving issues and problems related to conservation and sustainability of a Heritage Site. This paper describes the ecological knowledge and practices among the Ifugaos in Banaue, Philippines. Based on data gathered from key informants, the study revealed a strong nexus among the human, non-human, and the supernatural in the cultural landscape. This interconnectivity is manifested in the rich cultural tradition of the Ifugaos. The interviews demonstrate a very high respect for their land, environment and their natural resource. They acknowledge the power of nature and culture in shaping their lives but not leaving their destiny on them. They make negotiations by performing rituals and follow the signs and threats of nature. This research provides an analysis to comprehend the complexities and interplay between nature and culture. Consequently, this paper contributes to the understanding of how world heritage sites are to be managed and restored in the cultural and current social context.

Exhausting all the available scientific and technological means to use our natural resources for our conveniences could drastically affect our nature. This study aimed to determine the extent of environmental awareness and the level of sustainable development practices of Senior High School students in President Diosdado Macapagal Memorial National High School. Results showed that the respondents’ extent of environmental awareness in terms of waste management, pollution, and climate change was high while their level of sustainable practices as to proper waste disposal, energy conservation, and tree-planting activities was also high. Findings revealed also that there was a significant relationship between climate change and tree planting activities, climate change and proper waste disposal, waste management and proper waste disposal, pollution and tree planting activities, and pollution and energy conservation. On the other hand, no significant relationship was found out between climate change and energy conservation, waste management and tree planting activities, waste management and energy conservation, and pollution and proper waste disposal. Thus, the use of the crafted intervention framework based on the findings of the study is recommended for the SHS students to become responsible eco-warriors for a greener and progressive environment.